ChemistryPhysical ConstantNCTB রসায়ন অধ্যায় ৪ (পর্যায় সারণী) ও ৫ (রাসায়নিক বন্ধন)
Electronegativity
Bengali: তড়িৎ ঋণাত্মকতা•Pronunciation: ইলেকট্রোনেগেটিভিটি•Symbol: \chi \text{ (কাই)}
Standard Definition:
A chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract shared electron pairs in a covalent bond.
📐 Mathematical Equation, Units & Dimensions
Defining Mathematical Equation
Standard SI Unit
Dimensionless (Pauling scale)(এককবিহীন স্কেল (পাউলিং স্কেল))
Dimensional Analysis
CGS Unit
None
📖 Physical Concept & Comprehensive Explanation
Electronegativity measures electron greed in covalent partnerships. It peaks in the upper right of the periodic table, with Fluorine possessing the highest Pauling rating (4.0). If electronegativity differences exceed 0.5, bonds become polar; differences over 2.0 yield predominantly ionic character.
💡
Quick Memory Hook:FONClBrI: F (4.0) > O (3.5) > N (3.0) = Cl (3.0) > Br (2.8) > I (2.5)
🎯 High-Yield Revision Points
- ✓Fluorine is the most electronegative element (4.0), followed by Oxygen (3.5).
- ✓Differences between 0.5 and 1.9 create polar covalent dipoles (e.g., water).
- ✓Standardized on the dimensionless Pauling scale.
Use Online Solver for Electronegativity
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❓ Frequently Asked Exam Questions (FAQ)
Common questions in board and competitive entrance examinations
Q1: Why is water a polar molecule?
Oxygen's high electronegativity (3.5) pulls shared electrons away from Hydrogen (2.1), generating persistent dipole moments.